In Ways of Seeing, John Berger offers one of the most influential modern books on images, from oil painting to advertising, from the gaze to the relation between vision and power. The book shows how artworks are seen within a social history of property, class, and gender rather than inside an alleged aesthetic neutrality. Fawwaz Traboulsi’s Arabic translation was important in making this foundational text available to Arab readers at a moment when visual culture studies were still only beginning to circulate widely.