Papers AR History Politics 2019 Bidayat

تصوّرات عربيّة لاتفاقيّة سايكس-پيكو الوحدة المقدّسة ورُهاب التقسيم

Arab Perceptions of the Sykes-Picot Agreement: Sacred Unity and the Phobia of Partition

Bidayat

A century later, Sykes-Picot has become a myth explaining every division and foretelling the next, married with the Balfour Declaration, where all plurality is condemned as a violation of unity and 'fitna' attributed to external 'projects.'

Papers AR History Politics 2019 Bidayat

ماركس في «ربيع الشعوب» ١٨٤٨ بناء الحقل السياسي والتعلّم من الممارسة

Marx in the "Spring of Nations" 1848: Building the Political Field and Learning from Practice

Bidayat

Marx's engagement with the 1848 revolutions refined his understanding of class representation and the state, leading him to view socialism as the necessary completion of political democracy to resolve the contradiction between political and social inequality.