The New Iraqi Flag: an exercise in identity manipulation

The new Iraqi flag (2004) was identity manipulation under occupation: erasing Arabism and Islam—and successive Iraqi flags record the country's gradual drift from secularism toward religion.

Beirut-Guernica: A City and a Painting 

Middle East Report (MERIP)

Parallel to Guernica, Beirut shows how besieged cities transform into concentrated laboratories of modern political crisis, where the contradictions and catastrophes of Arab history are condensed into a single image.