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13 reviewed heads
Person 4

صائب سلام

Lebanese Sunni political leader and prime minister associated with the reformist promise and limits of the pre-war order

Person 4

صادق جلال العظم

Syrian philosopher and critic of Arab defeat discourse, culturalism, and religious thought

Site 5

صبرا

camp/neighborhood head in Beirut, inseparable from the 1982 massacre but not reducible to a bare event label

Person 5

صدام حسين

Iraqi ruler and emblematic authoritarian-war actor

Term 3

صراع الحضارات

Huntington-style civilizational thesis and related culturalist explanation of world conflict

Place 10

صعدة

northern Yemeni province as Houthi stronghold, war zone, and regional pole of the fractured Yemeni state

Work 6

صلات بلا وصل

Fawwaz Traboulsi's critique of Michel Chiha and Lebanese ideology

Organization 8

صندوق النقد الدولي

international financial institution

Place 5

صنعاء

Yemeni capital as political stage, war-struck city, and site of state collapse

Term 2

صنمية خرائطية

Traboulsi coinage critiquing the treatment of the Sykes-Picot map as the sacred body of the nation

Place 4

صور

southern Lebanese coastal city and port, urban center of the south, and site of labor, protest, and political organization

Work 6

صورة الفتى بالأحمر

Fawwaz Traboulsi's memoir `أيام في السلم والحرب`

Place 7

صيدا

southern Lebanese port city as labor-protest site, historical harbor, and node in the political economy of oil and the south

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