Laissez-faire – Fawwaz Traboulsi

Papers EN History Political Economy 2007

The Political Economy of Militia Control – Brown University

Wars have no sense but functions—Lebanese militias achieved the "supreme capitalist phantasm": profit without capital investment, through ten illegal ports and a mafia predation economy.

Papers EN Political Economy Politics 2001

The Lebanese System Revisited

The Lebanese system was "globalized before globalization"—it was not coexistence that produced prosperity but economic expansion, and when it was unevenly distributed, war followed. The alternative: "Security by providing bread for everybody."