{"id":1210,"date":"2021-10-19T16:00:24","date_gmt":"2021-10-19T13:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fawwaztraboulsi.com\/?p=1210"},"modified":"2025-03-03T10:13:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T08:13:52","slug":"%d8%ae%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%88%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/%d8%ae%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%88%d9%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/b><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062fT\u0646\u0627 &lt;&lt;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a&gt;&gt; \u0648&lt;&lt;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a&gt;&gt;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062d\u0629 : \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0623\u0629 !.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a<\/b><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><i>New York &#8211; 03 Juin 2005<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062fT\u0646\u0627 &lt;&lt;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a&gt;&gt; \u0648&lt;&lt;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a&gt;&gt; \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062d\u0629 : \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[],"content_type":[548],"themes":[333],"country":[361,359,347],"language":[68],"archive_type":[169],"archive_author":[247],"media_type":[],"keywords":[1909,2183,1999,2205,2429,2573],"ft_dossier":[],"ft_categories":[],"published_in":[],"class_list":["post-1210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","content_type-biographies-ar","themes-politics-ar","country-syria-ar","country-palestine-ar","country-lebanon-ar","language-68","archive_type-by-ft-ar","archive_author-fawwaz-traboulsi-ar","keywords-authoritarianism-ar","keywords-lebanese-history-ar","keywords-democracy-ar","keywords-lebanon-syria-relations-ar","keywords-resistance-ar","keywords-lebanon-kw-ar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"content_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content_type?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"themes","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/themes?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"archive_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/archive_type?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"archive_author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/archive_author?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"media_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media_type?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"keywords","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keywords?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"ft_dossier","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ft_dossier?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"ft_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ft_categories?post=1210"},{"taxonomy":"published_in","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fawwaztraboulsi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/published_in?post=1210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}